Question 1

What is the swell factor for common soils?

Accepted Answer

Typical swell factors: Sand 10-15%, Loam 20-25%, Clay 25-40%, Rock (blasted) 50-70%, Topsoil 20-30%. These values vary with moisture content, soil structure, and excavation method. Always verify with site-specific testing for large projects.

Question 2

How many truck loads for excavation?

Accepted Answer

Divide the loose volume by truck capacity. For example, 1000 m³ bank volume of clay (30% swell) = 1300 m³ loose. With 10 m³ trucks: 1300/10 = 130 truck loads. Add 5-10% for spillage and incomplete loading.